Decisions…
Decisions are core determinations made based on analysis of a given situation in the manager’s environment. Managers make decisions in order to propel and steer their organizations on the best route to set goals and achieve success. Reference: Plunkett, Attner and Allen, Warren, Raymond and Gemmy (2008). Management : Meeting and Exceeding Customer Expectations 9th Ed.
Approaches to decision making can vary greatly from predetermined and systematic to artful in nature. Programmed decisions for example are proactive approaches based on a predictable cause and effect. These types of decisions are typically made by following preset policies and procedures. Nonprogrammed decisions on the other hand are less proactive and more ‘off the cuff’ in response to an unforeseen and changing environment. Both can be effective courses under the right circumstances.
Defining the problem or opportunity is the first major step in the decision making approach. This step is critical in ensuring success in the decision efforts that follow. In this step managers will distinguish between problems and symptoms through a series of questions such as those provided in the funnel approach.
Analyzing the alternatives is midway in the decision process and the step where managers evaluate their options. Two questions should be asked during this process: 1) Does the option fit, and 2) What are the consequences. This step helps the manager in eliminate and retain the appropriate options.
Establishing a control and evaluation system is our final step that wraps up the decision making process and provides a framework in which results can be captured, measured and reported. The information garnered in this step gives the manager necessary feedback to ensure the success of current and future decisions.
83 Notes